基于认知行为疗法的道德创伤治疗模式

A Model of Moral Injury Based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

近年来,在国际冲突频发的背景下,道德创伤开始走进军事医学的视野,适用于心理学的认知行为疗法也得到了广泛的认可,Litz等所提出的基于认知行为疗法的道德创伤治疗模式更是其中的代表,它主要通过建立联系、准备与教育、重塑暴露经历、检测与重塑、与仁慈的道德权威对话、修复与宽恕、建立新联系、长期计划这八个步骤来实现创伤的治疗。通过借鉴国外研究,结合中国人民解放军官兵的理想信念和价值追求,构设了贴近中国人民解放军的治疗模式,其治疗基础是建立联系并形成互帮互助小组,治疗保证是治疗前的准备与沟通,治疗关键是通过适应性披露明确道德归因,治疗核心是道德修复及自我宽恕,治疗目标是自我价值认同及重建。

Recently,under the background of increasing tension of international conflicts,moral injury has entered the field of military medicine.And the cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)for psychology has been widely accepted.The Model of moral injury therapy based on CBT is one of the representative therapies,which proposed by Litz,it is mainly through long-term planning of eight steps to achieve the treatment of injury,including making connection,preparing and educating,reshaping the experience of exposure,testing and reshaping,talking to the moral authority of mercy,repairing and forgiving and making new connections.By referring to the foreign research,combining the ideals and beliefs and value of People’s Liberation Army(PLA),this paper constructs a treatment model.The base of this treatment model is establishing contact and forming mutual help group.The guarantee of this treatment model is the preparation and communication before treatment.The key to treatment is to make clear moral attribution through adaptive disclosure.The core of treatment is moral repair and self-forgiveness,and the goal of treatment is identification and reconstruction of self-worth.