实例解析名老中医传承质性研究访谈实施要点

Interview skills in qualitative research on inheritance of illustrious senior traditional Chinese medicine practitioners: an analysis with examples

深度访谈是最常用的一种质性研究资料收集方法,所获得的信息作为原始资料决定了质性研究的产出。掌握访谈过程中的实施要点能够提高访谈质量,丰富访谈资料,确保质性研究顺利开展;在访谈准备阶段,研究者要明确研究目的,开展预访谈,了解受访者背景资料,确定访谈时间地点,衣着妥当;访谈过程中,关注暖场、提问、追问、沟通环节的实施要点;访谈后及时整理资料,评估是否进行二次访谈或用其他资料补充。本研究结合名医传承研究实例,详解访谈过程中不同阶段的实施要点,为开展优质、高效的访谈提供思路,为进一步深入开展中医药质性研究提供参考。

In-depth interview is one of the most commonly used methods to collect data in qualitative research. The information obtained as raw data determines the outcome of qualitative research. Knowing the ways of effective implementation of interviews help to improve the quality of interview, enrich the materials for interview and guarantee the successful progress of the qualitative research. During the preparation for the interview, the researchers should clarify the purpose of the study, carry out pre-interviews, familiarize the background information of the interviewees, determine the time and place of interview, and dress properly. During the interview, they should pay attention to the interview skills of breaking the ice, questioning, making detailed inquiry and giving feedback. After the interview, they should sort out the data in time and determine whether a second interview or supplementary materials are needed. By illustrating the above points with specific examples of qualitative research on illustrious senior traditional Chinese medicine practitioners, this study provides ideas for carrying out efficient and high-quality interviews and reference for future qualitative research in Chinese medicine.