量子计算机研究进展

Advances in quantum computer research

量子计算机是未来量子技术时代最具颠覆性的技术,文中将以量子计算机的诞生、工作原理和在世界范围内的发展现状为主要阐述内容。目前阶段,量子计算机的研制已从以院校、研究所的基础性研究为主体的阶段,过渡到以公司企业为主要研发驱动力的阶段,并开始逐渐进入到“量子霸权”的发展新阶段,当然,目前的量子计算机还比较初级,离可破解密码的通用量子计算机还有很长的路要走。

The quantum computer is one of the most disruptive technologies for the future quantum tech­nology era.This paper explains the appearance,the working principle and the current development status of quantum computers.At present,the development of quantum computers has transitioned from a stage where basic research of universities and research institutes is the main body,to a stage where companies and enterprises are the main driving force for research and development,and it has gradually entered a new stage of development of "quantum supremacy".Of course,the performance of current quantum com­puters is still relatively rudimentary,and there is still a long way to go before a universal quantum comput­er that can crack codes.