归乡者眼中的故乡人——以《故乡》与《等待摩西》为例

Hometown People in the Eyes of Returnees:Take Hometown and Waiting for Moses as Examples

“故乡”一词不仅有明确的地理意义,更是无数中国人心心念念、苦苦追寻的精神家园。自鲁迅开创具有启蒙意义的“归乡”模式以来,此模式一直为作家们所青睐。以归乡者的视角看待故乡人,意味着归乡者既作为观察者审视着故乡人,也作为被观察者审视着自己。鲁迅的《故乡》和莫言的《等待摩西》这两部小说,都是在归乡者的视角下刻画着故乡人的生活状态和心理状态。无论是《故乡》中故乡人的愚昧,还是《等待摩西》中故乡人的迷失,鲁迅和莫言在以归乡者视角观察着故乡人的同时,都有着对自我的清醒认识。

The word“Hometown”not only represents a clear geographical significance,but also a spiritual home pursued by countless Chinese people.Since LU Xun created the“Homecoming”model with enlightenment significance,this model has always been favored by writers.To look at the hometown people from the perspective of the returnees means that the returnees not only look at the hometown people as observers,but also look at themselves as observers.LU Xun's Hometown and MO Yan's Waiting for Moses explain the life and mental state of the hometown people in different times from the perspective of the returnees.Whether it is the numbness of the hometown people in Hometown or the loss of the hometown people in Waiting for Moses.LU Xun and MO Yan have a clear understanding of themselves while observing their hometown people from the perspective of returnees.