新生儿外科住院患儿营养风险筛查及临床结局分析

Nutritional Risk Screening and Clinical Outcome Analysis of Neonatal Surgical Inpatients

目的:运用STAMP评分对新生儿外科住院患儿进行营养风险筛查,分析其营养风险状况及临床结局,为合理运用营养支持提供科学依据。方法:选取2019年4月—2020年1月在首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院新生儿外科住院的486名患儿为研究对象,入院24 h内采用STAMP评分对住院患儿进行营养风险筛查,收集入院前饮食情况、身长、体质量、住院时间及费用、营养支持等相关信息,采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行统计学分析。结果:新生儿外科患儿营养风险评分的平均得分为3.15±1.67,25.72%的患儿处于高风险;不同性别的患儿营养风险评分无显著差异(P>0.05),不同胎龄、喂养方式、疾病诊断的营养风险评分均存在显著性统计学差异(P<0.05),早产儿的评分高于足月儿(P<0.05),母乳喂养的患儿营养风险最低,食管和肠道疾病患儿的营养风险较高。不同风险程度的患儿在住院费用、收入ICU人数比例和EN管饲人数比例、病情好转人数比例、住院时间等临床结局方面有显著性统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:新生儿外科住院患儿营养风险的发生率高,临床工作中应关注其营养状态,给予合理的营养干预,改善患儿的临床结局。

[Objective]To screen the nutritional risk of STAMP score in infants with surgical inpatients,and analyze the nutritional risk status and clinical outcomes,in order to provide scientific evidence for the rational use of nutritional support.[Method]A total of 486 infants admitted to the Neonatal Surgery Department of Beijing Children’s Hospital affiliated to the Capital Medical University from April 2019 to January 2020 were enrolled in this study.Nutritional risk screening was performed within 24 hours of admission using the STAMP score,the related information of diet before admission,length,weight,length of stay,cost and nutrition support in hospital were collected,all data were used SPSS 22.0 statistical software processing.[Result]The mean STAMP score was(3.15±1.67),25.72%of the patients were at high risk,and there was no significant difference in the STAMP score between the sexes(P>0.05),there were significant differences in the STAMP scores of different gestational age,feeding pattern and disease diagnosis(P<0.05).The score of preterm infants was higher than that of full-term infants(P<0.05).The nutritional risk of breast-fed infants was the lowest,and the nutritional risks of esophageal and intestinal diseases were higher.There were significant differences in the cost of hospitalization,the ratio of ICU population and EN tube feeding population,the ratio of patients who got better,and the length of hospital stay(P<0.05).[Conclusion]The incidence rate of nutritional risk in neonatal surgical inpatients is high.We should pay attention to their nutritional status and give reasonable nutritional intervention to improve the clinical outcome.