弗里嘉的模型虚构论研究

Frigg’s Model Fictionalism

模型在科研过程中应用广泛,科学家常用模型来研究相关现象。什么是模型?模型的表征能力源自哪里?使用模型的合理性是什么?模型拟真论认为,模型是抽象实体或数学结构,模型因为与目标系统相似或同构,因而可以表征目标系统。该理论解决了合理性问题,但在回答模型本体论问题和表征条件问题时面临着困难。为了解决这些困难,弗里嘉提出了基于假装游戏和地图机制的模型虚构论,但这种模型虚构论有着模型的同一性问题、增殖问题和认识论问题。

Models are widely used in scientific research,and scientists often use models to study related phenomenon.So,what is a model?In virtue of what can models be used to represent?Why is it reasonable for us to use models?The view of model simulated theory argues that models are abstract entities or structures of mathematics.Based on the similarities and isomorphism,models can be used to represent related target system.This theory has solved the problem of reasonability,but faces some difficulties to solve ontological problem and scientific representation problem.In order to solve these problems,Frigg proposed model fictionalism which is based on the theory of make believe and mechanism of map.However,model fictionalism faces some difficulties in identity problem,models’breeding problem and epistemological problem.