国内外农产品追溯体系发展现状与启示

Research and implications of agricultural products traceability system from domestic and developed countries

农产品追溯体系是通过对农产品的生产、加工、流通、销售等环节进行详细的数据收集和记录,建立农产品供应链全程信息库,保障和加强农产品质量安全管理与风险控制的溯源体系。在构建农产品质量安全追溯体系中,欧盟、美国、日本和澳大利亚等发达国家有很多的成功经验。从法律法规建设、标准体系建设和追溯系统应用3个方面对发达国家的做法进行了深入细致的分析,结合中国社会主义初级阶段小农经济生产为主的现状,对中国实现农产品质量安全全程可追溯提出了相关建议,包括完善农产品追溯立法、建设与立法相协调的法规与标准体系、建立由政府主导的全国统一的农产品追溯系统平台,分阶段、分批次进行试点实施等。

The agricultural product traceability system is to establish the whole process information base of agricultural product supply chain through collecting data inthe production,processing,logistics and sales of agricultural products,and to protect and strengthen the traceability system of the quality safety management and risk control of agricultural products.The European Union,the United States,Japan and Australiahave many successful experiences in the construction of the agricultural product quality safety traceability system.This paper makes a careful study of the practices of developed countries from three aspects,the construction of laws and regu⁃lations,the construction of standard system and the application of traceability system.Combined with the present situation of small farmers'economic production in the primary stage of socialism in our country,we puts forward some relevant suggestions for realizing the agricultural product quality safety traceability system in our country.The suggestions are perfecting the traceability legislation,con⁃structing coordinated agricultural product standards,andestablishing a national unified system platform by the government which car⁃ries out pilot implementation in stages.