2001—2019年青海湖南部旱地土壤水分变化规律及其与气候因子的关系

Soil moisture variation rule and its relationship with climate factors in the dry land of the southern of Qinghai lake from 2001 to 2019

采用数理统计方法对青海省共和县气象局观测的2001—2019年旱地土壤含水量数据及气温、降水量数据进行分析,讨论青海湖南部共和县旱地0~30 cm土壤水分变化特征,并对其气候影响因子进行初步分析。结果表明,春季土壤含水量随年际延长呈极显著升高趋势,秋季土壤含水量随年际延长呈不显著升高趋势。土壤含水量春季高于秋季,年际间变化幅度秋季大于春季。春季0~30 cm各层土壤含水量均呈显著升高趋势,秋季0~10 cm土壤含水量随年际延长呈微弱增加趋势,10~20、20~30 cm土壤含水量则呈微弱减少趋势。春季各月0~30 cm土壤含水量均随年际呈显著升高趋势,秋季9月土壤含水量的减少趋势与10、11月土壤含水量的升高趋势均不显著。5月和10月的土壤含水量与当月降水量呈显著正相关,11月土壤含水量与7—9月各月降水量呈显著正相关,秋季土壤含水量与9月降水量和秋季降水量呈显著正相关。

The data of soil moisture,air temperature and precipitation in dryland from 2001 to 2019 observed by Gonghe Meteorologi⁃cal Bureau of Qinghai province were analyzed by mathematical statistics,and upland 0~30 cm soil moisture variation characteristics in the Gonghe county over the southern of Qinghai lake was discussed,and a preliminary analysis was made to the climate impact factor.The results showed that soil moisture content increased significantly with the interannual extension in spring,but not significantly with the interannual extension in autumn.Soil moisture content in spring was higher than that in autumn,while the annual variation range in autumn was higher than that in spring.In spring,0~30 cm soil moisture content at all layers showed a significant increasing trend;In autumn,soil moisture content of 0~10 cm showed a slight increasing trend with the interannual extension;While soil moisture con⁃tent of 10~20 cm and 20~30 cm showed a slight decreasing trend.In spring,the soil moisture content of 0~30 cm in each month showed a significant increase trend with the interannual variation,while the decreasing trend of soil moisture content in September in autumn and the increasing trend of soil moisture content in October and November were not significant.Soil moisture content in May and October were significantly and positively correlated with the same month precipitation,soil moisture content in November was sig⁃nificantly and positively correlated with precipitation from July to September,and soil moisture in autumn was significantly and posi⁃tively correlated with precipitation in September and autumn.