学校公共生活中的制度建构

Institutional Construction in School Public Life

制度是人与人交往合作的规则体系,制度的作用在于合理分配社会利益。公共生活需要制度,制度是公共生活的结构架构。制度作为一种分配规则,既包括技术/形式,也包括价值/实质。在技术/形式层面,制度是契约关系的反映,公约是公共生活制度的形式。在价值/内容层面,权利与义务是基本维度,正义是制度的首要价值。学校公共生活是一种准公共生活,学校的制度以制度正义为基础,但又要超越制度正义,把制度正义与他者性道德结合起来,实现二者的统一。

Institution is the rule system of people's communication and cooperation,and its function lies in the reasonable distribution of social benefits.Public life needs institution,which is the structural framework of public life.As a distribution rule,institution includes technology/form and value/substance.At the technical/formal level,institution is the reflection of contractual relationship,and convention is the form of public life institution.At the value/content level,rights and obligations are the basic dimensions,and justice is the primary value of the institution.School public life is a kind of quasi-public life.The school system is based on institutional justice,but it must transcend institutional justice and combine institutional justice with the morality of others to achieve the unity of the two.