高海拔繁育对藜麦耐盐性的影响

Effects of High Altitude Breeding on the Salt Tolerance of Quinoa

为研究高海拔繁育对藜麦幼苗耐盐性的影响,以高海拔繁育前、后藜麦为材料,用不同浓度Na Cl处理藜麦幼苗,测定处理第1、2、3周藜麦幼苗株高、生物量、氮平衡指数、叶绿素含量、类黄酮及花青素含量,探究NaCl对藜麦幼苗生长发育及次生代谢物质的影响,从而对高海拔繁育前、后藜麦耐盐性进行综合性评价。结果表明:1)随着Na Cl浓度的升高,繁育前藜麦株高在盐处理第1周呈先升后降趋势,第2、3周呈下降趋势;繁育后藜麦在盐处理第1、2周呈先升后降趋势,第3周呈下降趋势。相同处理时间下,随着Na Cl浓度的升高,繁育前、后藜麦的地上部鲜质量及干质量均受到抑制,根鲜质量及干质量先增加后下降。2)同一浓度处理下,氮平衡指数随着处理时间的增加而下降。3)适量盐处理下,随着处理时间的增加,繁育前、后藜麦植株中叶绿素、类黄酮及花青素积累增加。多个指标综合评价表明,高海拔繁育后藜麦的耐盐性较繁育前得到了一定的提高。

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of high altitude breeding on the salt tolerance of quinoa seedlings.The experimental materials consisted of quinoa seeds bred at high altitudeand those not bred at high altitude(serving as the control),which were treated with different concentrations of NaCl.The effects of NaCl on the growth and development of seedlings and secondary metabolites were assessed by measuring the plant height,biomass,nitrogen balance index,chlorophyll content,flavonoids content,and anthocyanins content of quinoa seedlings in the first,second and third weeks after NaCl treatment,based on which the effect of high altitude breeding on the salt tolerance of quinoa was assessed.Results were as follows.First,with increasing NaCl concentration,the plant height of quinoa bred at high altitudefirst increased and then decreased in the first and second weeks of salt treatment while showing a downward trend in the third week,while the plant height of the control rose first and then declined in the first week of salt treatment,and kept declining in the second and third weeks.With the same treatment time,the increase of NaCl concentration led to reductions in fresh and dry weights of above-ground parts ofboth quinoa bred at high altitude and the control,and the fresh and dry weights of their roots first increased and then decreased.Second,under the same NaCl concentration treatment,the nitrogen balance index dropped as the treatment time increased.Third,at appropriate NaCl concentrations,the contents of chlorophyll,flavonoids,and anthocyanins increased with time in both quinoa bred at high altitude and the control;meanwhile,and these parameters were significantly higher in quinoa bred at high altitude than in the control.Based on the comprehensive evaluation of several parameters,high altitude breeding was found to improve the salt tolerance of quinoa to a certain extent,while the underlying mechanism needs to be clarified in further studies.