字书中的“同”类用语探析

Analysis of“Tong(同)”Terms in Chinese Character Books

古代大型字书在字头下面会或多或少地使用一些说明解释汉字信息的固定用语,这些用语可以为字书的运用与研究提供有利的帮助。就字书中使用的“同”类用语来说,它在传统字书中的应运而生应是受了传注的影响,其基本作用是解释字头与字头、字头与非字头之间的关系。“同”类用语的主要形式有“某,同某”“音义同”“与某同”“同上(上同)”“义同”等。“同”类用语的功用主要包括释形、释音、释义及沟通字际关系等。

The large-scale Chinese Character Books of past generations usually use some specifi c terms to explain the information of Chinese characters,which can provide benefi cial help for the in-depth study of the Chinese Character Books.In terms of“tong(同)”terms in the Chinese Character Books,emergence and gradually using should be infl uenced by annotators,which basic function is to explain the relationship between prefi x and the prefi x,the prefi x and the non-prefi x.The common forms of“tong(同)”mainly include:“mou,tong mou(某同某)”“yin yi tong(音义同)”“yu mou tong(与某同)”“tong shang(同上)”“yi tong(义同)”and so on.And the functions mainly include explaining Chinese Character fonts,sound,meaning and communicating characters’relations,etc.