干涉仪测向天线阵相关性分析与优化设计

Correlation Analysis and Optimization of the Antenna Array for Direction Finding With Interferometers

干涉仪测向系统中天线阵的布局至关重要,如果布局不合理将导致高频测向模糊。基于阵列导向矢量的相关性分析推导了天线阵二维相关系数,用于评判天线阵布局是否合理。为了进一步简化天线阵相关系数的计算,提出一维相关系数,并作为代价函数。基于一维相关系数,将线性天线阵的布局优化问题转变为线性天线阵的“副瓣抑制”问题。最后,采用差分进化算法对线性天线阵布局进行优化设计,分别给出一个三元和四元天线阵的优化布局,为工程应用中线阵干涉仪布阵提供参考。

The layout of the antenna array in the direction finding system with interferometers is very important.If the layout is unreasonable,it will lead to direction-finding ambiguity in the high frequency.Based on the analysis of signal correlation,a two-dimensional correlation coefficient of an antenna array is deduced to judge whether the layout is reasonable.In order to further simplify the calculation of the array correlation coefficient,a one-dimensional correlation coefficient is proposed as a cost function.Using the one-dimensional correlation coefficient,the optimization problem of a linear array layout is transformed into the"sidelobe suppression"problem of a linear array.Finally,the linear array layout is optimized by the differential evolution algorithm,and the optimal layout of a three-element and four-element array is given,which can be a reference for the linear interferometer array layout in engineering application.