针织运动服的通风设计与热湿舒适性评价

Ventilation design and thermal-wet comfort evaluation of knitted sportswear

为研究通风孔和通风道设计对人体运动热生理及主观舒适感的影响,采用针织挑洞工艺与凸条工艺设计了2款运动服,在人工气候舱中进行着装人体实验,评价所研发运动服对人体皮肤温度、衣下湿度、汗液蒸发率等客观生理指标,以及主观热感觉、湿感觉、黏体感、舒适感的影响。结果表明:具有通风孔设计的服装能显著增加人体汗液蒸发,降低衣下湿度,同时受试者的主观热、湿、黏体及不舒适感也显著下降;在通风孔基础上进一步增加通风道设计的服装,由于衣下空气层厚度的增大,使得服装的热阻也增加,未能起到进一步改善人体热生理及舒适感的作用;在运动服的设计中,应当在控制服装热阻的前提下尽量提高通风性能。

To study the influence of ventilation pores and ventilation channel on human body thermal physiology and subjective comfort,two types of sportswear were designed employing knitting holes and cord structures.Experiments were carried out in the climate chamber to evaluate the objective physiological indexes of the developed sportswear,such as skin temperature,under clothing humidity and sweat evaporation rate.Subjective sensations including thermal,wetness,stickiness and comfort were evaluated as well.The results show that the clothes with ventilation pores significantly increase the evaporation of human sweat and reduce the humidity under the clothes,with all the subjective sensations significantly reduced.However,when the ventilation channels were further added on the basis of ventilation holes,the thermal resistance of clothing is increased due to the increase of the thickness of air layer under the clothing,which is contradictive to the improvement of the thermal physiology and comfort sensation.It is learned that when designing sportswear,consideration of ventilation performance should be balanced with the premise of controlling the thermal resistance.