用于油水分离的超润湿性纺织品研究进展

Recent progress in super wettable textiles for oil-water separation

随着工业含油废水对全球水环境的持续破坏,应用于油水分离领域的超润湿纺织品成为近年来的研究热点。为促进超润湿纺织品的开发和应用,综述了近期国内外超润湿纺织品分离净化含油废水的研究进展,并对超疏水性/超亲油性、超亲水性/水下超疏油性表面的构建方法进行分类介绍,并分析了单一润湿性材料在实际应用中的局限性。为应对含有乳液、表面活性剂、染料和金属离子等杂质的含油污水,阐述了新型的Janus材料、智能响应材料以及多功能集成的油水分离材料的废水处理机制,分析了目前新型油水分离材料的研究进展和挑战。指出,随着含油污水的成分日益复杂,收集和净化难度增大,开发绿色、可持续和多功能的复合型超润湿纺织品具有重要的研究意义。

With the destruction of industrial oily wastewater to the global water environment,the application of ultra-wetting textiles in the field of oil-water separation has become a research hotspot in recent years.In order to promote the development and application of ultra-wetting textiles,the research progress of separation and purification of oily wastewater from ultra-wetting textiles was reviewed.The methods of developing super hydrophobicity/super hydrophilic,super hydrophilic/underwater super hydrophobicity are classified,and the limitations of single wetting material in practical application are analyzed.In order to deal with the large displacement and multi-component oily wastewater,the Janus wettability,intelligent wettability and multi-functional oil-water separation material are effective way to purify the complex oil-water wastewater.Based on the research progress of new ultra-wetting textiles,the current challenges and future research directions are discussed.In the future,as the composition of oily wastewater becomes more and more complex,the difficulty of collection and purification increases,it is of great significance to develop green,sustainable and multi-functional composite superwetting textile.