北宋生活世界与饮酒精神的多重变奏

On Life World and Variations of Drinking Spirit in Northern Song Dynasty

大宋开国近百年时间里,天下学校废顿,儒释道的创造力萎靡,饮酒担当起为众生提供生存理由与动力的重任。太祖开始,皇帝每日带头宴饮。国家为宴饮提供政策与资金支持,于是百官乐此不疲,士大夫积极参与,整个大宋掀起了狂热的饮酒之风。酒榷制度、引导饮酒消费政令等措施推动了大宋的社会经济繁荣。长期宴饮也推进了对酒的理论思考,饮酒人之常情、人生不饮何为、酒味多于泪等深沉的哲思标志着大宋酒精神的深度,《酒经》等大量理论性著作的出现则表明对酒已经达到高度的理论自觉。百年浮华宴饮生活带来人欲的放纵与心灵的堕落等精神难题,这为理学的兴起提供了强大的刺激。

During the nearly 100 years since the founding of the Song Dynasty,the schools had been abolished,and the creativity of Confucianism,Buddhism,and Taoism was weak while drinking became a source of survival and impetus.From the reign of Emperor Taizu,the emperors took the lead in feasting every day.The state provided policy and financial support for the banquet,so Baiguanle never tired,and the bureaucrats actively participated,and the entire Song Dynasty set off a frenzy of drinking.Measures such as the liquor questioning system and the guidance of drinking and consumption decree promoted the social and economic prosperity of the Song Dynasty.The long-term feast also promoted the theoretical thinking of alcohol.Deep philosophies such as drinking as a normal life,drinking as the major life purpose,and the taste of liquor more than tears,marked the depth of the drinking spirit of the Song Dynasty.The appearance of the works showed that people had reached a high degree of theoretical consciousness for drinking.The centuries of flashy banquet life brought spiritual difficulties such as indulgence of the human desire and depravity of the soul,which provided a powerful stimulus for the rise of Confucianism.