大洋沉积物中稀土选矿损失的原因分析

Cause Analysis of the Loss of Rare Earth Beneficiation in the Ocean Sediments

大洋沉积物中,以独居石为主的稀土矿物和磷灰石是选冶工艺富集回收的目的矿物。在选矿过程中,稀土元素的回收率仅为31.78%,损失比较严重。利用化学分析、光学显微镜鉴定,并结合电子探针、矿物自动分析仪(AMICS)等先进仪器对大洋沉积物中稀土选矿损失的原因进行了分析研究。结果表明,由于目的矿物粒度细,其与黏土矿物的嵌布关系密切且多以微细粒包裹体嵌布其中,并且黏土矿物含量高,因此导致尾矿中稀土分布率高,回收难度大。

In the ocean sediments,apatite and rare earth minerals dominated by monazite are the target minerals of rare earth element recycling in the beneficiation and metallurgy process.Only 31.78%of rare earth elements were recycled in the process of flotation,and the loss of rare earth was serious.The causes of the loss of rare earth beneficiation in ocean sediments were analyzed by means of chemical analysis,optical microscope,electronic probe and AMICS.The results show that,because the particle size the target minerals is too fine and closely related with clay minerals which are high content,thus,the occupancy rate of the rare earth elements lost is relatively high and difficult to recover.