2016-2019年大理市带绦虫病疫情监测结果分析

Monitoring results of taeniasis in Dali City from 2016 to 2019

目的了解大理市带绦虫病流行现状和动态,掌握流行规律,预测流行趋势,为制订防治规划提供依据。方法2016-2019年,在大理市开展带绦虫病病史调查和粪检查病,对自愿接受驱绦治疗的部分感染者和自述有排节片史而粪检阴性居民进行驱虫治疗,后者驱出带绦虫完整虫体或节片者判为阳性,计入查病结果。结果2016-2019年,带绦虫感染率依次为2.94%、2.26%、0.93%和0.33%,呈逐年下降趋势。年平均感染率男性(2.13%)高于女性(1.18%);14~组(2.44%)高于3~组(0.47%)和60~组(1.18%);农民组(1.99%)高于在校学生组(0.64%);文盲或半文盲组(3.56%)高于学龄前儿童及小学组(1.49%),也高于中学组(1.25%);所有感染者均为白族。教师、村干部及大学专科及以上居民4年均未查到阳性。结论当前大理市带绦虫病疫情处于历史最低水平,但市民喜食生肉、生猪肝等习惯依然存在,因此带绦虫病防治工作还面临诸多挑战,应进行综合治理。

Objective To understand the epidemic and dynamic status as well as prevalence trend of taeniasis in Dali City for evidence to plan scientific prevention and control strategies.Methods From 2016 to 2019,we carried out a history survey and stool examination of taeniasis in population in Dali area,and provided deworming medications for partial infected locals on their own free will and residents reporting of a history of excreted groglottid that,though,was negative for fecal examination.In the event that complete body or any segment of a tapeworm was detected in the latter following deworming medications,they were considered as positive infection and included in this study.Results The infection rate of taeniasis was 2.94%,2.26%,0.93%and 0.33%,respectively from 2016 to 2019,which tended to decrease year by year.Annual average infection rate was higher in males(2.13%)than in females(1.18%),and higher in 14-year-old group(2.44%)than in 3-year-old group(0.47%)and 60-year-old group(1.18%).Farmers had higher infection(1.99%)than school students(0.64%).The annual average infection rate was also higher in population of illiteracy or semi-illiteracy than preschool children and primary school students(3.56%vs.1.49%and 1.25%).All the infected subjects were Bai ethnic.Infection was free in teachers,village cadres and residents with college degree or above during the 4 years.Conclusion Although taeniasis remains in the lowest prevalence in Dali area,yet the locals still maintain habit of eating raw meat and raw pig liver.Therefore,there still exists many challenges in prevention and control of taeniasis,and following prevention and control measures should be implemented in comprehensive manner.