制度竞争与思想的谱系

A Genealogical Understanding of the Institutional Change in Qi and Lu

西周初年,就如何治理齐鲁,姜太公与周公分别提出了“举贤尚功”和“尊尊亲亲”的制度原则,同时也成功预言了对方制度实践的结果。事后来看,这可谓一场跨越数百年的自觉的制度竞争和自然实验。这一轶事值得从四个方面进行分析:①周公太公各自提出的制度原则的语境必要性和必然性;②“尊尊亲亲”如何因实践结果和理论逻辑在与“尚贤”的制度竞争中最终被重塑甚或淘汰;③这一制度竞争也逐步改变和影响了从孔子到汉儒的相关表达;④这一更可能是后人杜撰的轶事中隐含的制度与思想研究的启示。

Qi and Lu,two key vassal states of Western Zhou,originally were to be governed with different political arrangements and principles.Centuries'political and military competition between and among other states of the time forced them to be converged eventually and to share a similar system ofmeritocracy,which had essentially reformulated Confucian school's teaching.