新疆库尔勒地区不同来源食源性葡萄球菌的耐药性比较及相关耐药基因检测

Comparison of drug resistance and detection of related resistance genes of food borne Staphylococcus from different sources in the Korla area

为了解库尔勒地区不同来源食源性葡萄球菌的耐药情况以及耐药菌携带相关耐药基因的情况。通过琼脂稀释法,对不同来源(市场源:牛、羊肉;屠宰场源:胴体)食源性葡萄球菌进行10种抗菌药物的药敏试验;采用PCR方法对erm(B)、optrA、lsa(E)、norA、tet(M)、femA、mecA这7种耐药基因进行检测。结果显示,从201份样品中分离出147株葡萄球菌,分离率为73.1%。市场源葡萄球菌,分离率为88.2%;屠宰场源葡萄球菌,分离率为65.4%。耐药结果显示屠宰场源葡萄球菌对氧氟沙星、氟苯尼考、庆大霉素以及利福平的耐药率极显著高于市场源葡萄球菌的耐药率(P<0.01)。市场源葡萄球菌对阿米卡星的耐药率极显著高于屠宰场源对阿米卡星的耐药率(P<0.01)。多药耐药结果,市场源葡萄球菌以2~4耐为主(88.3%)。屠宰场源葡萄球菌以3~5耐为主(49.4%)。基因检测结果显示上述7种耐药基因均有检出。其中以tet(M)(28.6%)、erm(B)(24.5%)、optrA(17.0%)最高,其他耐药基因检出率依次为lsa(E)(4.1%)、norA(2.7%)、femA(2.0%)、mecA(0.7%)。研究表明,新疆库尔勒地区食品源葡萄球菌的检出率较高,且耐药严重,为避免耐药菌向人类传播,应加大监管力度。

This study was to understand the drug resistance of food-borne Staphylococcus from different sources in the Korla area and the drug resistance genes carried by the drug resistant bacteria.The minimum inhibitory concentrations of food-borne Staphylococcus isolated from different sources(market sources:beef and mutton;and slaughter-house sources:carcasses)were determined by agar dilution to 10 antimicrobial drugs.Seven resistance genes including erm(B),optrA,lsa(E),norA,tet(M),femA and mecA,were detected by PCR.The resistance rate of Staphylococcus from slaughterhouse to ofloxacin,florfenicol,gentamicin and rifampicin was significantly higher than that of Staphylococcus from the market(P<0.01).The resistance rate of Staphylococcus from the market to amikacin was significantly higher than that from the slaughterhouse(P<0.01).The major market source Staphylococcus was resistance to 2-4 drugs(88.3%).The major slaughterhouse source Staphylococcus was resistance to 3-5 drugs(49.4%).The results of genetic testing showed that all the seven drug resistance genes were detected.Among them,tet(M)(28.6%),erm(B)(24.5%),and optrA(17.0%)were of the higher drug resistance,and the detection rates of other drug resistance genes were lsa(E)(4.1%),norA(2.7%),femA(2.0%),mecA(0.7%).The detection rate of Staphylococcus in food sources in the Korla area of Xinjiang was rather high and the drug resistance was serious;therefore,stricter supervision is necessary to prevent or reduce the incidence of such drug resistance and avoid the spread of drug-resistant bacteria to humans causing human diseases.