中国纺织工业的一个案例研究——“孤岛繁荣”时期申新二厂、九厂发展模式比较研究

A Case Study of the Chinese Textile Industry:Comparison of Development Model Between Shenxin No.2 and No.9 Textile Plants During the Period of “Isolated Prosperity”

"孤岛繁荣"是抗战中上海工商业发展的一个特殊时期。申新二厂、九厂都在困境中发展但存在着不同的发展路径,该研究对上海纺织工业遗产研究和开发有着重要意义。通过对"孤岛繁荣"时期在沪申新二厂、九厂相关文献和档案资料的收集和分析,本文认为:(1)两厂的厂房规划是决定两厂发展路径差异的关键因素。厂房、宿舍及福利设施的建设考虑周全度与人员流动率呈正相关;(2)金融机构对各厂牵制程度不同,直接决定引进、改造设备目的不同,也是两厂发展不同的根本原因。由于金融机构的管理插手,二厂引进设备仅可以勉强维持生产。由于没有金融机构过多介入,九厂引进设备是为扩大生产能力,让落后设备配合先进设备,发挥先进设备的核心价值。

"Isolated prosperity"refers to a special period of industry and commerce development in Shanghai during the War against the Japanese Aggression.Shenxin No.2 and No.9 Textile Plants both developed during that period of time,but along different paths.This study has yielded two conclusions.First,the plant layout was a key factor in deciding the different development paths of the two mills.The thoroughness of the plant buildings,staff quarters and welfare facilities were positively related to staff turnover.Second,the degree of financial institutions’influence directly decided the purpose of the introduction and transformation of equipment,and constituted the root cause of the varied development paths of the two plants.Due to the intervention of financial institutions,machinery equipment introduced by No.2 Plant was barely able to maintain its production.With less intervention of financial institutions,No.9 Plant was able to introduce equipment to enlarge its production capacity,and made full use of advanced equipment in a combined use of both outdated and advanced equipment.