移民与接收国创新:质与量的思考

Immigration and Innovation of Receiving Countries:Thinking about Quality and Quantity

现代社会中,移民作为一个重要的国际现象备受关注,而其对于接收国的创新影响却一直存有争议。本文利用2006—2015年间19个经济合作与发展组织成员国的相关数据,证实移民整体上显著地促进了接收国的创新能力提升,且主要是通过人力资本存量和移民多样性这两种途径得以实现的。同时,研究证实移民总量越大,人力资本存量与移民多样性对接收国创新的影响越明显。本文的研究不仅突破了以往文献只针对高技术移民对接收国创新能力影响的探讨,并且进一步剖析了移民影响创新的途径,从而表明对于接收国创新能力的提升,尽管移民的“质”是根本因素,但是“量”的积累也不可忽视。

In modern society,as an important international phenomenon,immigration has attracted much attention.However,there has been controversial about its impact on innovation in receiving countries.Based on the related data of the 19 OECD countries from 2006 to 2015,this paper confirms that total migration promotes the innovation capacity of receiving countries prominently and this facilitation can be achieved through human capital stock and migration diversity mainly.At the same time,our studies verify that the larger the total amount of immigrants,the more obvious the impact degree of human capital stock and immigrant diversity on the innovation of receiving countries.This research not only breaks through the limitation in previous literature that just focus on the impact of high-skilled immigrants on the innovation ability of receiving countries,but also further analyzes the two effect channels of immigrants on innovation,which means although the“Quality”of immigrants is the fundamental factor,the“Quantity”accumulation should not be ignored.