中美护理学专业学位研究生课程结构的比较研究

Comparison of the curriculum structure for nursing degree graduate students in China and the United States

目的比较中美护理硕士专业学位课程结构的异同,为优化我国护理硕士专业学位课程结构、提升培养质量提供借鉴。方法应用贝雷迪“比较四步法”,对课程结构各要素的内容和比例、课程结构的空间关系、时间关系进行描述、解释、并置、比较。结果中美课程结构存在差异。美国形成了“核心-专业方向”的课程结构,空间关系相对紧密,时间关系上注重知识和能力的循序渐进;国内课程结构逐渐完善,课程价值观以传统学科导向为主,空间关系的紧密度、时间关系的秩序性仍需加强。结论国内护理院校应从遵循有效的课程组织逻辑,凸显核心课程重要性、增加专业方向课程,加强课程结构的空间与时间关系等方面,进一步优化课程结构。

Objective To compare the similarities and differences of the curriculum structure of master of nursing specialist(MNS)in China and America,so as to optimize the curriculum structure of MNS in China and provide the reference of improving cultivation quality.Methods This paper described,explained,juxtaposed and compared the content and proportion of the elements of the curriculum structure,the spatial and temporal relationship of the curriculum structure by using Bereday’s ideas of comparative education.Results There are distinctions between Chinese and American curriculum structures.The curriculum structure of"core-major"has been formed in America.The space-time relationship is relatively closer and progressive.Although the curriculum structure formed in China has been gradually improved,it still follows the traditional discipline-oriented curriculum values.The order and connection of space-time relationship still need to be strengthened.Conclusions Domestic nursing schools should follow the effective course organization logic,highlight the importance of core courses,increase specialized courses and strengthen the space-time relationship to further optimize the curriculum structure.