行业创新水平是决定龙头企业创新能力的条件吗——基于异质性与中介效应传导机制的检验

Is the Level of Industry Innovation the Condition that Determines the Innovation Ability of Leading Companies:Based on the Test of Heterogeneity and the Mediation Effect Transmission Mechanism

龙头企业创新能力是企业网络集群创新传导机制和以MAR为代表的行业技术溢出机制的关键组成部分,承担着行业创新技术承接与吸收的重要作用,是龙头企业创新示范效应和技术外溢效应发挥的基础条件。然而,一方面,现有的国内研究缺乏对"行业创新—龙头企业创新"这一基础和关键传导机制的有效验证;另一方面,中国龙头企业"大而不强"的典型特征也使得这一研究在经验层面具有充分的价值和必要性。因此,本文深入探讨了行业创新水平对龙头企业创新能力的影响效应及其作用机制,发现了中国制造业行业创新水平对龙头企业创新能力的促进效应。进一步对其内在机制进行分析后发现,第一,资本和技术密集型行业创新水平的增加能够提升龙头企业创新能力,而劳动密集型行业创新水平的提升则对龙头企业创新能力没有显著影响效应。第二,行业创新水平通过产品创新传导机制形成"竞合效应",有效促进龙头企业创新能力的提升。第三,行业创新水平通过有效提升行业盈利能力,形成"示范效应"促使龙头企业提升自身的创新能力。以上研究结论为中国行业技术溢出和龙头企业创新问题提供了理论与经验证据。

The innovation ability of leading enterprises is a key component of the corporate network cluster innovation transmission mechanism and the industry technology spillover mechanism represented by MAR.It plays an important role in the acceptance and absorption of innovative technologies in the industry,and is the basic condition for leading enterprises to exert their innovation demonstration effects and technological spillover effects.However,on the one hand,the existing domestic research lacks effective verification of the foundation and key transmission mechanism of‘Industry Innovation-Leading Enterprise Innovation’;on the other hand,the typical characteristics of‘big but not strong’of Chinese leading enterprises also make this research full of value and necessity at the empirical level.Therefore,this paper deeply explores the effect of industry innovation level on the innovation ability of leading enterprises and its mechanism,and discovers the promotion effect of the innovation level of China’s manufacturing industry on the innovation ability of leading enterprises.After further analysis of its internal mechanism,it is found that,first,the increase in the innovation level of capital-and technology-intensive industries can enhance the innovation ability of leading enterprises,while the improvement of the innovation level of labor-intensive industries has no significant effect on the innovation ability of leading enterprises.Second,the innovation level of the industry forms a‘competition and cooperation effects’through the product innovation transmission mechanism,which effectively promotes the improvement of the innovation ability of leading enterprises.Third,the level of industry innovation can effectively improve the profitability of the industry and form a‘demonstration effect’to encourage leading companies to improve their innovation ability.The above research conclusions provide theoretical and empirical evidence for the issue of technology spillovers and innovation of leading enterprises in China.