贵州清水河鱼类多样性现状

Current status of fish diversity in the Qingshui River of Guizhou province

为研究50余年开发利用后清水河鱼类多样性现状及时空分布变化,在2010—2019年对贵州省乌江支流清水河水系总计24个点进行了采样调查。结果显示:清水河确定鱼类总计57种,隶属于6目15科50属,其中长江上游特有鱼类总计4种,《中国脊椎动物红色名录》(2016年)受威胁种类3种。与干流历史调查资料比较,本次调查在清水河水系新发现15个物种,包括9个本地种和6个引入种,历史记录的10个物种无发现;干流的鱼类物种及亲流型物种数较历史记录和支流均有明显下降,引入种占比明显升高;而支流较干流则具有较高的鱼类物种数、亲流型物种数、长江上游特有鱼类数、受威胁种类数。

To investigate the current situation of fish diversity in the Qingshui River after five decades of utilization,the fish resource survey was conducted at 24 sampling sites in the Qingshui River,a triburary of Wujiang River in Guizhou Province since the year of 2010 to 2019.A total of 57 species belonging to 6 orders,15 families and 50 genera were recorded in the Qingshui River,in which 4 species were endemic species in the upper Yangtze River and 3 were endangered species according to the Red List of China's Vertebrates.Compared with historical records,there were newly recorded 15 species in this survey,including 9 local species and 6 introduced ones,while 10 historical species were not collected.The lotic species and endemic species in the upper Yangtze River both in mainstream and tributary of the Qingshui River showed a decrease in numbers while the introduced fishes increased.The tributary of the Qingshui River hold relatively higher diversity of lotic fishes,endemic fishes of the upper Yangtze River and the endangered species.