基于GIS的武威地区乡村聚落地名文化景观分析

Analysis of cultural landscape of rural settlement place names in wuwei area based on GIS

地名是人类社会发展到一定程度的产物,是历史的“活化石”,是各民族文化起源、地理沿革、行政更替的真实记录。基于天地图、百度地图和高德地图等互联网资源,结合第二次全国地名普查成果数据库,通过运用空间分析方法和数理统计方法,以甘肃省武威市7833个乡村聚落地名为研究对象,从“类”和“位”2个角度挖掘分析了研究区地名的类型特征和空间分布特征。结果表明:武威市7833个地名可分为自然景观类地名与人文景观类地名两大类,其中自然景观类地名进一步划分为地形、水文、动植物3类;人文景观类地名划分为姓氏、方位、建筑工程、军事防御、经济活动、美愿、少数民族语言等7类;研究区自然景观类地名主要分布于西南部高海拔地区和东北部荒漠区,人文景观类地名主要分布于中部平原区。

Place names are the product of the development of human society to a certain extent, the "living fossil" of history, the true record of the origin of ethnic culture, geographical evolution and administrative replacement. Based on the Internet resources such as Tianditu, Baidu map and Amap, combined with the database of the second national geographic name survey, this paper took 7 833 rural settlement names in Wuwei city of Gansu Province as the research object by using spatial analysis method and mathematical statistics method, and analyzed the characteristics of type and spatial distribution from the perspective of "category" and "position". The results show that: 7 833 place names in Wuwei city can be divided into two categories: natural landscape place names and human landscape place names. Natural landscape names contain three sub-categories: topography, hydrology, animals and plants;human landscape names contain seven sub-categories: surname, location, construction engineering, military defense, economic activities, wishes, and minority languages;natural landscape place names mainly distribute in the southwest high-altitude areas and the northeast desert areas, while the cultural landscape names mainly distribute in the central plain area.