从“国语的文学”到“文学的国语”——以谭正璧编写的《由国语到国文》为例

From"Literature of National Language"to"Literary National Language"——Take Tan Zhengbi's"From Mandarin to Chinese"as an example

1922年确立了国文课以白话文为主导的方针之后,白话文与文言文曾经处于二元对立的状态。于是,调和白话文与文言文之间紧张关系的国文教材和课外读物开始出现,《由国语到国文》便是其中的代表作之一。这套国文课外必读读物并非单纯地承载编选者个人情感和思想或承载出版社的意愿,而是承载着教育部的意旨,即承载着培育中学生的国文入门、优秀品格、政治意识、家国情怀等使命。这套读物还融会了编者的情感与思想,即民主与科学等理念、注重现代文体和国文教育等现代意识。

After the establishment of the policy of taking the vernacular language as the dominant language in the curriculum of Chinese in 1922,the vernacular language and the classical language were once in a state of binary opposition.As a result,Chinese textbooks and extra-curricular readings to mediate the tension between the vernacular language and the classical language began to appear.From Mandarin to Chinese is one of the representative works.This set of Chinese extra-curricular readings is not simply bearing the personal feelings and thoughts of the editors,nor is it simply bearing the will of the publishing house,but bearing the intention of the Ministry of Education,that is,bearing the mission of cultivating middle school students'introduction to Chinese,excellent character,political consciousness and patriotism.This set of readings also combines the editor's feelings and thoughts,namely,the ideas of democracy and science,and the modern consciousness of paying attention to modern literary style and Chinese education.