艾蒿醇提物对肉仔鸡生长性能及肝脾抗氧化和免疫指标的影响

Effects of Artemisia argyi Ethanol Extract on Growth Performance,Immunity and Antioxidant Indexes in Liver and Spleen of Broilers

本试验旨在研究艾蒿醇提物(AAEE)对肉仔鸡生长性能及肝脾抗氧化和免疫指标的影响。选取240只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,采用完全随机试验设计,随机分成5组,在基础饲粮中分别添加0(对照)、250、500、750和1 000 mg/kg AAEE,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡(公母各占1/2),试验期42 d。结果表明:1)42日龄时,750 mg/kg AAEE添加组的肉仔鸡末体重极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),且有一次线性升高趋势(P=0.094);500和750 mg/kg AAEE添加组的总采食量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且有显著的一次线性(P=0.071)或二次曲线(P=0.075)降低趋势。2)42日龄时,与对照组相比,添加500和750 mg/kg AAEE显著提高了肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P<0.05),极显著提高了总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.01),且2项指标均随AAEE添加量的增加呈显著的一次线性(P<0.05)或极显著的二次曲线(P<0.01)升高效应。21日龄时,与对照组相比,添加750 mg/kg AAEE分别极显著提高了脾脏总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、CAT活性和T-AOC(P<0.01),且三者均有极显著的一次线性或二次曲线升高效应(P<0.01)。42日龄时,与对照组相比,添加750 mg/kg AAEE极显著提高了脾脏CAT活性(P<0.01),显著提高了T-AOC(P<0.05),显著降低丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),此外CAT活性具有极显著的一次线性或二次曲线升高效应(P<0.01)。3) 42日龄时,与对照组相比,添加500和750 mg/kg AAEE极显著降低了肝脏白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量(P<0.01),显著降低白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量(P<0.05),且二者均有极显著的二次曲线降低效应(P<0.01)。21日龄时,与对照组相比,添加500和750 mg/kg AAEE分别显著降低了脾脏IL-1β和IL-6含量(P<0.05),此外IL-1β具有显著的二次曲线降低效应(P<0.05);添加750和1 000 mg/kg AAEE同时极显著升高脾脏白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和白细胞介素-4(IL-4)含量(P<0.01),且二者均有极显著的一次线性或二次曲线升高效应(P<0.01)。42日龄时,添加750 mg/kg AAEE使脾脏IL-1β含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且具有显著的二次曲线降低效应(P<0.05)。综上所述,750 mg/kg的AAEE添加量更有利于AA肉仔鸡生长,提高其抗氧化和免疫功能。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Artemisia argyi ethanol extract(AAEE)on growth performance,immunity and antioxidant indexes in liver and spleen of broilers.Using completely ran⁃domized trial design,two hundred and forty Arbor Acres broilers(1 day of age)were selected and randomly allotted to 5 groups,and each replicate with 8 broilers(half males and half females).Basal diet supplemented with 0(control),250,500,750,and 1000 mg/kg of AAEE were constituted the experiment diets,respec⁃tively.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)at 42 days of age,the final body weight of broilers in 750 mg/kg AAEE group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01)and increased linearly(P=0.094).Adding 500 and 750 mg/kg AAEE significantly decreased the total feed in⁃take(FI)compared with the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,total FI linearly(P=0.071)or quadratical⁃ly decreased(P=0.075)with the supplementation of AAEE.2)At 42 days of age,dietary supplementation of 500 and 750 mg/kg AAEE significantly increased catalase(CAT)activity in liver(P<0.05)and significantly increased total antioxidant capacity(T⁃AOC)(P<0.01)compared with the control group,and both of them linearly(P<0.05)or quadratically(P<0.01)increased in the liver.In spleen of broilers,compared with the control group,adding 750 mg/kg AAEE significantly increased the T⁃AOC and the activities of CAT and total superoxide dismutase(T⁃SOD)(P<0.01).And all above indexes linearly or quadratically(P<0.01)in⁃creased at 21 days of age.Adding 750 mg/kg AAEE significantly increased CAT activity(P<0.01)and T⁃AOC(P<0.05)in spleen,and significantly decreased malondialdehyde(MDA)content(P<0.05)compared with the control group at 42 days of age.In addition,CAT linearly or quadratically increased(P<0.01).3)In the liver of broilers,500 and 750 mg/kg AAEE significantly reduced interleukin⁃1β(IL⁃1β)(P<0.01)and interleukin⁃6(IL⁃6)(P<0.05)contents in liver compared with the control group,and both of them quadrati⁃cally decreased(P<0.01)at 42 days of age.In the spleen of broilers,compared with the control group,adding 500 and 750 mg/kg AAEE significantly reduced IL⁃1βand IL⁃6 contents(P<0.05)at 21 days of age.In addition,IL⁃1βcontents quadratically decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,adding 750 and 1000 mg/kg AAEE significantly increased interleukin⁃2(IL⁃2)and interleukin⁃4(IL⁃4)(P<0.01)con⁃tents,and both of them linearly or quadratically increased(P<0.01)at 21 days of age.Adding 750 mg/kg AAEE,IL⁃1βcontent was not only significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),but also qua⁃dratically decreased(P<0.05)at 42 days of age.In conclusion,the addition of 750 mg/kg AAEE is more beneficial to the growth and improvement of antioxidant and immune function of broilers.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2020,32(11):5185⁃5194]