不同粗饲料苜蓿干草和稻秸对湖羊饲喂效果的比较研究

Comparative Study on Feeding Effect of Different Roughages Alfalfa Hay and Rice Straw on Hu Sheep

粗饲料是反刍动物不可或缺的营养来源,本研究比较了苜蓿干草和稻秸对湖羊的饲喂效果。选取12只体重[(41.25±3.07) kg]相近的健康成年雄性湖羊,随机分为苜蓿干草组(饲粮为精料+苜蓿干草)和稻秸组(饲粮为精料+稻秸),每组6只。2组饲粮精粗比均为60∶40,预试期10 d,正试期为28 d。结果显示:1)与饲喂苜蓿干草相比,饲喂稻秸显著降低了湖羊的平均日采食量(P<0.05),但平均日增重和料重比没有显著差异(P>0.05)。2)2组湖羊胸腺、肝脏、脾脏和胰腺指数无显著差异(P>0.05);2组湖羊胰腺、肝脏和脾脏组织均无异常变化。3)与苜蓿干草组相比,稻秸组湖羊血液中谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性极显著降低(P<0.01),葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)含量与谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与饲喂苜蓿干草相比,饲喂稻秸显著降低了湖羊血液中胰岛素(INS)的含量(P<0.05),显著升高了瘦素(LEP)和胆囊收缩素(CCK)的含量(P>0.05),甲状腺素(T4)和皮质醇(COR)含量无显著变化(P>0.05)。由此得出,单独用稻秸代替苜蓿干草作为粗饲料饲喂对湖羊整体健康无影响;饲喂稻秸通过上调湖羊血液中瘦素和胆囊收缩素的含量抑制湖羊的食欲,降低湖羊的采食量。

Roughage is an indispensable nutrient source for ruminants. This study compared the feeding effect of alfalfa hay and rice straw on Hu sheep. Twelve healthy adult male Hu sheep with similar body weight[(41.25±3.07)kg]were randomly divided into 2 groups:alfalfa hay group(the diet was composed of concentrate and alfalfa hay)and rice straw group(the diet was composed of concentrate and rice straw),and each group had 6 sheep. The ratio of concentrate to roughage of diets for 2 groups was 60∶40. There was a pretrial period of 10 days followed by a formal trial period of 28 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with feeding alfalfa hay,feeding rice straw significantly reduced the average daily feed intake of Hu sheep(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in average daily gain and feed/gain(P>0.05). 2)The thymus,liver,spleen and pancreas indexes of Hu sheep in the 2 groups showed no significant differences(P>0.05);the histological results of the pancreas,liver and spleen of Hu sheep in the 2 groups showed no abnormal changes. 3)Compared with the alfalfa hay group,the activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)in the blood of Hu sheep in the rice straw group were extremely significantly reduced(P<0.01),but there were no significant differences in the contents of glucose(GLU)and triglyceride(TG)and the activity of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(P >0.05). 4)Compared with feeding alfalfa hay,feeding rice straw significantly reduced the content of insulin(INS)in the blood of Hu sheep(P<0.05),and significantly increased the contents of leptin(LEP)and cholecystokinin(CCK)(P<0.05),while the contents of thyroxine(T4)and cortisol(COR)showed no significant difference(P>0.05). In conclusion,alone using rice straw instead of alfalfa hay as roughage has no effect on overall health of Hu sheep;feeding rice straw can decrease the feeding intake of Hu sheep through up-regulating the contents LEP and CCK in the blood to suppress the appetite.