利用土壤微生物多样性控制十字花科根肿病的研究进展

Research Progress in the Use of Soil Microbial Diversity to Control Cruciferous Root Disease

十字花科植物能被根肿病菌专性寄生.近年来,由于该病具有侵染性强、传播速度快、传播方式多,并在土壤中可保持长期侵染活性的特点,导致其防治工作难度大.十字花科根肿病在中国大部分省(市、区)都有分布,造成严重危害,制约着我国十字花科蔬菜产业的发展.目前对根肿病的防治仍然没有一个行之有效的办法.近来的研究表明,土壤微生物不仅能促进植物对矿质元素的吸收及激素的合成,还能增强植物对生物和非生物胁迫的抵抗能力,逐步证实了土壤中微生物与植物间存在紧密的联系和互作.现今,土传病害的流行、连作障碍的出现,其主要原因是由土壤微生物群落结构失衡导致微生态环境恶化.因此,本文从维护植物根际健康,增强蔬菜抗性角度出发,综述了利用土壤微生物控制十字花科作物根肿病的研究进展,以期为该病害的防控提供新的思路.

Cruciferous plants can be the hosts of parasitic rhizophagous bacteria.Cruciferous root swelling has the characteristics of strong infectivity,fast spreading speed,multiple modes of transmission,and can maintain long-term infective activity in the soil,making its control work highly difficult.In recent years,this disease is distributed in most provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China,causing serious harm and restricting the development of cruciferous vegetable industry of the country.At present,there is still no effective way to prevent root swelling.Recent studies have shown that soil microorganisms can not only promote the absorption of mineral elements and the synthesis of hormones by plants,but also enhance the resistance of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses,suggesting that there are close connections and interactions between microorganisms and plants in soil.Today,the prevalence of soil-borne diseases and the emergence of continuous cropping obstacles are mainly due to the deterioration of the micro-ecological environment caused by the imbalance of the soil microbial community structure.Therefore,from the perspective of maintaining plant rhizosphere health and enhancing vegetable resistance,this article reviews the research progress of using soil microorganisms to control root swelling of cruciferous crops,so as to provide new ideas for the prevention and control of the disease.