南亚松木材材性研究Ⅱ:天然林群落间的比较

Study of wood properties of Pinus latteri Ⅱ: Comparison among natural forest communities

【目的】为了了解南亚松天然林群落的木材材性差异及分化程度,以海南霸王岭国家级自然保护区内的南亚松天然林群落为研究对象,进行了材性差异分析。【方法】天然林按地理位置分为4个不同群落,通过测量年轮宽度、晚材率和密度,对基本材性进行了方差分析比较。【结果】由于地理分布范围狭窄,生态环境较为一致的缘故,4个群落间除了晚材率差异显著之外,年轮宽度和密度都没有达到差异显著水平。同一群落不同海拔的材性比较结果显示,年轮宽度和密度的差异极显著,晚材率差异显著,且海拔越高密度越大。比较了分布于同一海拔的4个群落材性,其结果显示在同一海拔范围内4个群落间年轮宽度、晚材率差异极显著,密度差异显著。群落间两两比较结果显示,遗传距离大的两个群落间材性差异最显著。水田和东六是遗传距离最大的两个群落,虽然相对分布距离很近,但材性差异最大。遗传距离小的两个群落间材性差异最不显著。洪水和南叉河是4个群落中相对分布距离最远的两个群落,但其遗传距离较近,材性差异也最小。水田群落与其它3个群落的材性分化程度相对明显,即使是遗传距离最近的洪水之间除了密度以外的两个材性指标都显示出显著差异。【结论】同一海拔条件下的分析结果显示,在相似生态环境内,遗传因素对材性的影响是绝对的,即材性性状具有较高的遗传性。排除海拔因素后,4个群落间材性差异并不显著,说明海南霸王岭天然林内4个群落分布范围较小导致了材性分化程度较低的结果,同时说明南亚松的材性受基因和环境的交互作用。

【objective】In order to understand the differences of communities of Pinus latteri wood properties in natural forest,Pinus latteri in Hainan Bawangling national nature reserve were studied.【Method】The natural forest was divided into four different communities according to the geographical location.The basic wood properties were analyzed and compared through the variance analysis of annual ring width,latewood percentage and density.【Results】Due to the narrow geographical distribution and consistent ecological environment,there were no significant differences in ring width and density between the four communities except for the latewood percentage at 0.05 levels.The results of comparison at different altitudes of the same community showed that the annual ring width and density were significantly different at 0.01 level,the latewood percentage was significantly different at 0.05 level.And the higher the altitude was,the greater the density was.Distributed at the same altitude of four communities were selected as the analysis objects,the results showed that there were significant differences in ring width and latewood percentage at 0.01 level and in density at 0.05 level.The results of LSD analysis showed that there was the most significant difference in two communities with large genetic distance,i.e.Shuitian and Dongliu,Shuitian and Nanchahe.Shuitian and Dongliu were two communities with closely distributed,but the genetic distance was the largest,and the difference of wood properties was also the largest.Two communities with small genetic distance had the smallest property difference.The distribution distance was the farthest between Hongshui and Nanchahe,and the genetic distance was relatively close,and the difference of wood properties was the least significant.The degree of wood property differentiation between Shuitian and other three communities was relatively obvious.【Conclusion】The results of analysis at the same altitude showed that genetic factors had definitely influence on wood properties in similar ecological environment,and wood properties had high heredity.Excluding altitude,there was no significant difference in wood properties among the four communities,which indicated that the small distribution of four communities in Bawangling natural forest in Hainan resulted in the low degree of wood differentiation.And the wood properties of Pinus latteri were affected by gene and environment interaction.