中国与拉美国家的南极合作:动因、实践及对策

Antarctic Cooperation between China and Latin American Countries:Motivations,Practices and Solutions

南极合作已成为中国与拉美国家合作的新增长点和新方向。拉美国家在地缘区位和特定领域中的优势以及在南极政治中的重要地位,成为吸引中国与其进行合作的主要动因。在战略意图上,中国力图通过合作提升在南极事务中的话语权和影响力,摆脱南极中等国家身份;拉美国家则需要借助中国的资金和技术等优势发展自身,使其南极治理能力、南极科技水平与国家南极政策相匹配。中拉在基础设施建设、科研、环境保护、后勤保障、旅游等领域展开了务实合作,并努力健全合作机制、扩展深化合作领域。把南极打造成中拉合作的新疆域,提升南极合作在中拉关系中的战略性地位,将对“一带一路”倡议向拉美“南极国家”深度拓展大有裨益。

Antarctic cooperation has become a new growth engine and direction for cooperation between China and Latin American countries.The advantages of Latin American countries in geopolitical locations and specific fields,as well as their important position in Antarctic politics,have become the main motivation for China to cooperate with them.In terms of strategic intention,China seeks to enhance its voice and influence in Antarctic affairs through cooperation while Latin American countries need to make use of China’s economic and technological edges to develop themselves,enhancing their Antarctic governance capabilities and Antarctic technology to match their national Antarctic policies.China and Latin American countries should carry out pragmatic cooperation in fields of infrastructure construction,scientific research,environmental protection,logistics support,and tourism,and strive to improve the cooperation mechanism and expand cooperation areas.Making Antarctica the new field of Sino-Latin American cooperation and enhancing the strategic position of Antarctic cooperation in Sino-Latin American relations will greatly contribute to delivering real benefits of the Belt and Road Initiative to"Antarctic countries"in Latin America.