福建兴化湾滨海湿地系统生物多样性维持功能评估

Evaluation for the Maintenance Function of Biodiversity in Coastal Wetland Ecosystem of the Xinghua Bay in Fujian Province

选取自然性、代表性、多样性、稀有性、适宜性、生态脆弱性和人类威胁等指标,构建层次分析模型对福建兴化湾滨海湿地的生物多样性维持功能进行评估.结果显示,兴化湾滨海湿地生物多样性维持功能的综合评价指数为0.7121,表明其维持功能较强.生态脆弱性和稀有性对综合评价指数的贡献较高(25.96%和25.46%),多样性(17.26%)和适宜性(16.75%)次之.基于不同评价指标层的分析可知,兴化湾滨海湿地生物多样性保护的重点是珍稀水鸟及其迁徙廊道和生境质量.尽管人类威胁(6.11%)在综合评价中的贡献相对较低,但当前兴化湾周边的水产养殖活动以及农业生产活动依然对滨海湿地的生物多样性维持功能产生较大影响.

The evaluation for the maintenance function of biodiversity in coastal wetland ecosystem of the Xinghua Bay in Fujian Province was favorable for strengthening the protection and management of wetlands.In this paper,naturalness,representativeness,diversity,rarity,suitability,ecological fragility and human interference threat were chosen to establish the assessment indicator system and the analytical hierarchy process model.Results showed that the composite evaluation index(CEI) of maintenance function of biodiversity in coastal wetland ecosystem of the Xinghua Bay was 0.712 1,indicating that its maintenance function was relatively high.The contributions of ecological fragility and rarity to CEI were much higher(25.96% and 25.46%),followed by diversity(17.26%) and suitability(16.75%).Based on the analyses of different evaluation indices,it was found that the key aspect of diversity protection for the Xinghua Bay was rare waterfowl and its migration pathway and habitat quality.Although the contribution of human interference threat to CEI(6.11%) was relatively low,the present aquaculture activities and agricultural production activities in surrounding areas of the Xinghua Bay still could produce great influences on its maintenance function of biodiversity.