肿瘤患者静脉血栓栓塞症的风险评估模型及其应用

Risk Assessment Models of Venous Thromboembolism for Cancer Patients and Their Applications

静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)是肿瘤患者常见的并发症和死亡原因。多项研究显示,有效的VTE风险评估模型和恰当的预防性抗凝治疗可以降低肿瘤患者的血栓发生风险。但哪些肿瘤患者需要进行预防性抗凝治疗,需要有效的VTE风险评估模型,对肿瘤患者进行VTE风险分层。对血栓高危人群,在排除抗凝禁忌证后进行预防性抗凝。但肿瘤疾病存在复杂性,不同的病理类型和分期,VTE风险和特点不同,而目前专门针对肿瘤患者的VTE风险评估模型仍然有限,本文将对肿瘤患者的VTE风险评估模型的现状及其应用进行综述。

Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a common complication and death cause of cancer patients.Some studies have shown that effective VTE risk assessment model and appropriate preventive anticoagulation therapy can reduce the risk of thrombosis in cancer patients.But before patients start preventive anticoagulant treatment,they need an effective VTE risk assessment model to carry out VTE risk stratification.For the high-risk group of VTE patients,preventive anticoagulation should be carried out after eliminating the contraindications of anticoagulation.However,tumor diseases have complexity,different pathological types and stages are with different risks and characteristics of VTE.The current VTE risk assessment models for cancer patients are still limited.This paper mainly reviews the current situation and application of VTE risk assessment model for cancer patients.