省以下地方政府纵向职责配置的新趋势及配置模式探索——基于对五个领域综合行政执法改革的观察

The New Trends in Vertical Responsibility Allocation of Local Governments below the Provincial Level and the Exploration of Allocation Mode--A Study Based on Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Reform in Five Fields

五个领域综合行政执法改革为观察省以下地方政府纵向职责配置提供了现实视角和经验素材。改革的核心是细化和明确了执法职责在省以下各层级地方政府的配置,涉及的机构职能可以按属性归纳为执法类和非执法类,其中执法类职能的配置偏好低层级地方政府,非执法类职能的配置偏好高层级地方政府。基于此引申出三点思考:未来深化改革可以考虑以"环节分解"作为政府纵向职责配置的参考思路;行政执法职责配置的一般性规律,有较大的可能性适用于行政监管职责配置实践;探索构建简约高效的基层管理体制是省以下地方政府纵向职责配置的重点和难点。

The reform of comprehensive administrative law enforcement in five fields provides practical perspective and experience materials for observing the vertical responsibility allocation of local governments below the provincial level.The core of the reform is to clarify the allocation of law enforcement responsibilities in local governments.The responsibilities involving contain two types,enforcement directly and enforcement indirectly.For the former,the lower government level,the better the implementation effect.The latter is just the opposite.It can be concluded in three dimensions:First,process decomposition can be considered as a reference in responsibilities allocation.Second,the general law in this case shows is likely to be applied in administrative supervision field.Third,the key in future reform is building a simple but efficient grass roots management system.