神圣性共餐与混合的食物

Holy Commensality and Mixed Food

文章将鲍屯祭祀时共餐的食物命名为"祭祀混合食物"。这类食物因为食用的场合具有局限性,因而在地方的菜谱中并没有占据一席之地。关于鲍屯祭祀混合食物的起源,目前还没有找到相关文献和口述资料以资利用,但可能与早期中国祭祀食物"和羹"有关。鲍屯祭祀混合食物与华南"食盆"有相同之处,其最突出功能是一种社会抹平机制,是一种"无餐桌礼仪"的共餐。鲍屯祭祀混合食物通过包含性和排斥性来界定和维持社会边界。鲍屯祭祀混合食物的共餐与亲属和社区共餐具有许多不同之处,其中"混合的食物"和"无餐桌礼仪"这两个特征使之成为更大集体范围的隐喻。鲍屯祭祀混合食物的诸般地方性特征为饮食人类学研究提供了一个独特的个案。

The article named Baotun sacrificial food as "sacrificial mixed food". Because of the lim. The origin of the mixed food in Baotun sacrifice has no relevant literature and oral materials to beused, but it may be related to the early Chinese sacrifice food " mixed soup".The most striking similarity between Baotun sacrifice mixed food and south China "Shi Pen" is that it is also a social erasing mechanism and a kind of "no table manners" eating together.Baotun sacrificial mixed food defines and maintains social boundaries through inclusion and exclusion.There are many similarities and differences between Baotun sacrificial mixed food and family and community meals, among which mixed food and non-table manners are the two characteristics which make it a metaphor of larger collective scope.The local characteristics of Baotun sacrificial mixed food provide a unique case for the study of Food anthropology.