2014至2019年济南市济阳区0~6岁儿童健康状况变化趋势研究

Study on Trend of Health Status of Children Aged from 0-6 in Jiyang District of Ji'nan City During 2014 to 2019

目的观察济南市济阳区0~6岁儿童的健康状况变化趋势,为改善儿童健康提出合理建议。方法选取2014年3月至2019年4月滨州医学院附属医院与济阳街道社区卫生服务中心共同调查的济南市济阳区0~6岁儿童80000例,整理儿童的健康信息资料,分析其肥胖率、营养不良发生率与龋齿患病率等健康问题的变化趋势,提出改善儿童健康的有效建议。结果80000例儿童中体质量正常76821例(96.02%),肥胖3179例(3.97%);营养正常78764例(98.46%),营养不良1236(1.55%);无龋齿55925例(69.91%),发生龋齿24075例(30.09%)。自2014年至2019年儿童肥胖率逐年升高,营养不良发生率与龋齿患病率逐年降低,不同年度的肥胖率、营养不良发生率与龋齿患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论济南市济阳区的儿童健康状况较好,儿童的营养不良发生率逐渐降低,但儿童肥胖率持续增长,虽然龋齿患病率逐年减少,但还需给予高度关注,在未来儿童健康保健管理中还需继续完善肥胖与龋齿的预防工作,以更好地保障儿童健康状况。

Objective To discuss the change trend of health status of children aged from 0-6 in Jiyang District of Jinan City,to put forward reasonable suggestions for improving children's health.Methods A total of 80000 children aged 0 to 6 years old in Jiyang District of Jinan City were investigated by Binzhou Medical College Affiliated Hospital and Jiyang Street Community Health Service Center from March 2014 to April 2019 were included.The healthy information of children was collected,the change trend of the prevalence of obesity,incidence of malnutrition and prevalence of dental caries were analyzed,and the effective suggestions to improve children's health was put forward.Results Among 80000 children,76821(96.02%)cases had normal weight,3179(3.97%)cases were obese,78764(98.46%)cases had normal nutrition,1236(1.55%)cases had malnutrition,55925(69.91%)cases had no caries and 24075(30.09%)cases had caries.From 2014 to 2019,the obesity rate of children increased year by year,and the incidence of malnutrition and caries decreased year by year.There were significant differences in obesity,malnutrition and caries in different years(P<0.05).Conclusion The health status of children in Jiyang District of Jinan City is good,the incidence of malnutrition in children is decreasing gradually,but the obesity rate of children is increasing continuously.Although the prevalence of caries is decreasing year by year,we still need to pay high attention to it.In the future,we need to continue to improve the prevention of obesity and caries in children's health care management,so as to better protect the health status of children.