中国大学生在线学习体验的区域差异及影响因素——基于国内334所高校调查数据的分析

Regional Differences and Influencing Factors of Chinese College Students'Online Learning Experience:Based on the Analysis of Survey Data from 334 Colleges in China

当前,在线学习已成为全球高等教育的突出特征,学生在线学习体验成为在线学习研究的焦点问题。它不仅是评估在线学习质量的前提,也是推动高等教育区域公平的题中之义。本研究借鉴在线学习体验的理论框架,基于对疫情期间全国334所高校的226679名学生的调查,采用方差分析、多元线性回归和夏普利值分解等方法,考察大学生在线学习体验的区域差异及影响因素。研究发现,学生在线学习效果和满意度均呈现东部最好、中部次之、西部最差的特点。虽然影响在线学习体验的各因素的区域表现也呈现上述特点,相对而言,技术平台的区域差距最大。再者,社会性互动、技术平台与环境既是影响东、中、西部高校学生在线学习体验的最重要因素,也是导致学习体验区域差异的重要解释因素。而对学习满意度最重要的影响因素是课程内容与设计,对学习效果最重要的影响因素是学习者本身。这一结论为不同地区高校在线学习的改进指明了方向。

Online learning has become a prominent feature of global higher education,and students’online learning experience is a focus issue in online learning research.It is only a substitute for evaluating the quality of online learning,and it can also promote regional equity in higher education.Based on the theoretical framework of online learning experience,a survey of 226,679 students from 334 colleges across the country during the epidemic was carried out.Through analysis of variance,multiple linear regression and Shapley value decomposition,this research tried to investigate the regional differences and influencing factors of students'online learning experience.The study found that students’online learning experience and satisfaction showed the best trends in the east,followed by the central and the worst in the west.Although the regional performance of the factors that affect the online learning experience also shows the above-mentioned trends,the regional differences in technology platforms are relatively the largest.Furthermore,social interaction,technology platforms and the environment are not only the most important factors affecting the online learning experience of college students in the east,middle and western regions,but also important explanatory factors leading to regional differences in the learning experience.Besides the above-mentioned two dimensions,the most important implication for learning is the content and design of the course,and the learner dimension for the learning effect.This study provides implications for the improvement of online learning in universities in different regions.