环境规制、产业结构对收入不平等的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Environmental Regulation and Industrial Structure on Income Inequality

基于2003—2015年中国省际面板数据分析环境规制对收入不平等产生影响的传导机制。首先,运用全面FGLS模型检验环境规制与收入不平等的关系,结果表明环境规制对收入不平等为“N”型关系,经济增长与环境规制为倒“U”型关系。现阶段我国仍处于加强环境规制会扩大全国、城乡和城市内部收入不平等的阶段,但环境规制通过产业转移能暂缓乡村收入不平等。其次,运用结构方程模型(SEM)分析产业结构对收入不平等的中介作用,结果表明产业结构高级化和产业结构合理化是影响环境规制与收入不平等之间关系的有效因素。应当进一步促进产业转型,加速环境规制拐点的来临,以实现环境规制对缩小收入不平等的积极影响。

Based on the provincial panel data from 2003 to 2015,this paper analyzes the transmission mechanism of the impact of environmental regulation on income inequality.First,a comprehensive FGLS model is used to examine the relationship between environmental regulation and income inequality.The results show that environmental regulation has an“N”relationship with income inequality,and economic growth and environmental regulation have an inverted“U”relationship.China is still in a stage where strengthening environmental regulation will expand income inequality across the country,urban and rural areas,and within cities.However,environmental regulation can delay rural income inequality through industrial transfer.Secondly,the structural equation model(SEM)is used to analyze the intermediary role of industrial structure to income inequality.The results show that advanced industrial structure and rationalized industrial structure are effective factors that affect the relationship between environmental regulation and income inequality.We should further promote industrial transformation,and accelerate the turning point of environmental regulation,so as to realize the positive impact of environmental regulation on reducing income inequality.