青翘药材道地产区分析与成分含量系统评价

Analysis on Geo-authentic Producing Areas of Forsythia Suspensa and Systematic Evaluation of Component Content in Medicinal Materials

目的依据史学文献相关记载推断药材青翘的道地产区,整理青翘现代科研成果,提炼并系统化整合分析相关数据。方法通过考证历代古籍,归纳青翘历代产区,并结合古籍原文推断得出道地产区;制定专业检索策略,针对不同产地青翘药材的性状特征和化学成分两个方面,全面检索文献,提炼归纳相关数据,并采用聚类分析法、主成分分析法及单因素方差分析法对青翘化学成分含量数据进行多指标综合评价。结果本草考证相关古籍9本、近代典籍1本,提炼古近代产区20个,对应现代地名(省)8个,结合频次统计结果与文献相关描述推断山西为青翘的道地产区;检索到性状文献38篇,化学文献1195篇。根据性状数据总结道地产区青翘的性状特征;化学数据多指标两两比较结果显示山西、福建两省样品质量差异较大,其他产区差异相对较小。主成分分析法提取出3个主成分,累积贡献率为82.84%,得到可反映青翘各产地质量的综合评价函数:F=(41.336×F1+23.03×F2+18.474×F3)/82.84。聚类分析将8个产地来源的青翘划分为4大类。结论综合单因素方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析得出结论:山西为青翘最优产区,陕西次之,山东、湖南、河南、河北产区青翘质量一般,福建产区青翘质量不佳。该结果与本草考证所得青翘道地产区颇为一致,为青翘药材道地性评价提供有利支撑。

Objective Geo-authentic habitats of Forsythia suspensa can be deduced from antiquity herbal literature’s point of view. To provide basis for quality evaluation of Forsythia suspensa,this article summarized modern achievements in scientific research. Methods To conclude genuine habitats of Forsythia suspensa,the related description of geo-authentic habitats in ancient materia were reviewed and tested. Professional search strategy on traits and chemical characteristics of Forsythia suspensa were made to retrieve relevant literature in the CNKI database,and then the date on pharmacognostic characteristics and chemical component of crude drug from different origins were refined,and at last the date were comprehensively evaluated by analysis of variance,principal component and cluster analysis. Results Nine ancient books and one book of recent time were looked up on herbalogical study. On this basis,twenty ancient origins were refined. Eight corresponding modern origins were finded through locating the place these medicines of dynasties in modern map. Combined with frequency statistical results of modern origins and the related description of geo-authentic habitats in ancient materia,genuine habitats of Forsythia suspensa were concluded. It is Shanxi provinces. 38 literatures on traits and 1195 literatures on chemical characteristics of Forsythia suspensa were retrieved. The pharmacognostic characteristics of Forsythia suspensa were sumerized according to the traits’ date. The results of ANOVA indicate that there exists significant difference in the quality of the samples in Shanxi and Fujian provinces among 8 different origins of Forsythia. Three principal components whose accumulated variance contribution rate was over 82.84% were obtained. Based on these principal components,samples of Forsythia suspensa from the different planting areas were clustered into four groups by within-groups linkage cluster methods. Conclusion The results showed that Shanxi province was the best among 8 habitats. Shaanxi province were better than others habitats. The result was quite consistent with the genuine habitats of Forsythia suspensa,which was obtained from the textual research on ancient materia. The results obtained in this study can be used as references for evaluating the quality of geo-authentic herbs Forsythia suspensa scientifically.