福州市普通公路主要园林绿化树种美学评价

Aesthetic Evaluation of Main Landscaping Tree Species on Ordinary Highway of Fuzhou City

为了对福州市普通公路主要乔木、灌木园林绿化树种进行美学评价,在调查问卷和专家打分的基础上,利用层次分析法(AHP)建立评价模型,对树种进行评价。结果表明:树种美学评价应首先考虑植物景观舒适度因子,权重值为0.3520,其次为植物花形、花色,权重值为0.2344。参与评价的12种乔木树种可分为四级,一级树种是公路绿化的首选树种,生态、观赏价值极高;二级树种可作为道路绿化补充树种,三级、四级树种可作为道路绿化的一般树种,这些树种或观赏价值不高,或生态价值不高。7种灌木树种可分为三级,一级树种花色鲜艳,美学审美价值极高;二级树种应用较为广泛,可作为丰富景观层次的补充树种,三级树种调查期间无花无果,影响美学评分,但可以丰富道路绿化树种多样性,可作为道路绿化一般树种。通过对树种进行美学评价,可以丰富公路树种选择,为公路景观美学研究与应用提供借鉴。

In order to carry out aesthetic evaluation on the main arbor and shrub garden tree species of Fuzhou City ordinary highway,this study uses AHP to establish an evaluation model on the basis of questionnaire and expert scoring.The results show that:The comfort factor of plant landscape should be considered first in the aesthetic evaluation of tree species,with a weight value of 0.3520,followed by the shape and color of plant flowers,with a weight value of 0.2044.The 12 tree species involved in the evaluation can be divided into four levels.The first level tree species is the preferred tree species for highway greening,with extremely high ecological and ornamental values.Secondary tree species can be used as supplementary tree species for road greening,while tertiary and quaternary tree species can be used as general tree species for road greening.These tree species have low ornamental value or ecological value.Seven shrub species can be divided into three grades.The first grade has bright color and high aesthetic value.The secondary tree species are widely used and can be used as supplementary tree species to enrich the landscape level.During the investigation of the tertiary tree species,there is no flower or fruit,which affects the aesthetic score.However,it can enrich the diversity of road greening tree species and can be used as general tree species for road greening.The aesthetic evaluation of tree species can enrich the selection of highway tree species and provide reference for the research and application of highway landscape aesthetics.