洁净手术室空态气流组织模拟

Numerical simulation of airflow in an empty and clean operating room

就某Ⅰ级局部送风垂直单向流洁净手术室空态下的气流组织进行了研究,主要研究了回风口布置形式和送风速度对气流组织产生的影响。运用计算流体力学方法,通过SIMPLE算法和标准k-ε模型数值研究了空态洁净手术室不同回风口布置形式和不同送风速度下的气流组织。采用手术区衰减度、手术平面平均速度和手术平面不均匀度3个评价指标进行分析。结果表明,送风速度不宜过高,否则过高的送风量不仅会增加能耗还会破坏手术区域内气流组织的均匀分布。此外还发现,室内沿横向扩散的气流在遇到墙壁上升随后下降的过程中有一部分会进入手术区,导致在送风口气流向下运动过程中速度衰减度的增加,造成污染物在手术区的滞留。综合考虑认为,回风口连续正对布置形式的手术平面平均速度和手术区衰减度均优于回风口间断布置形式,从而获得较好的气流组织形式。

In this paper,the airflow of a clean Class I partial-ventilation vertical unidirectional flow operating room under the empty state was studied.The main works were focused on the influences of the arrangements of air outlets and the air supply velocity on the airflow in the room.With the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)methods,the airflows of different air outlets and different air supply velocities in the operating room were numerically investigated by using the SIMPLE algorithm and the standard k-ε model.Three evaluation indexes,such as the attenuation degree of the operation area,the average speed of the operation plane and the unevenness of the operation plane,were used to analyze the airflows in the operating room.The results showed that the air supply speed should not be too high,otherwise a high air supply velocity will not only increase energy consumption but also damage the uniform distribution of airflow in the operating area.In addition,it was found that the airflow that diffuses laterally in the clean operating room first ascended,then descended when it met the wall,and part of it entered the surgical area during the process,which might lead to an increase in the speed attenuation during the downward movement of the airflow at the air supply inlet,resulting in the retention of pollutants in the surgical area.According to comprehensive considerations,the average speed of the operating plane and the attenuation of the surgical area in the clean operating room with continuous frontal layout of the return air outlets are better than those of the clean operating room with intermittent layout of the return air outlets,so as to obtain a better airflow form.