煤层注水降尘中表面活性剂复配应用研究

Study on application of surfactant compound in coal seam water injection for dust reduction

为了防治综采工作面生产期间煤尘污染问题,以黑龙江某煤矿的烟煤层为研究对象,进行煤层注水降尘试验;优选仲烷基磺酸钠(H95)、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(CAB-35)、椰油酸二乙醇酰胺(CDEA) 4种表面活性剂,并按其临界胶束浓度(CMC)两两复配成6种溶液,分别对单体和复配溶液进行表面张力、接触角及反渗试验。结果表明:0.05%H95和0.05%CDEA的复配溶液对煤的润湿性最好。在采煤机割煤处、液压支架移架处和皮带机转载处加入复配表面活性剂并注水后,全尘降尘率分别为83.96%、76.17%和72%,呼吸性粉尘降尘率分别为79.29%、73.95%和70.3%。

In order to prevent and control coal dust pollution during mining in fully mechanized working face,with bituminous coal seam in a mine in Heilongjiang as an research object, water injection experiments in coal seam for dust reduction were carried out.Firstly,four surfactants were selected,namely sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate(H95),dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride(1227),coconut oil amide propyl betaine(CAB-35),coconut oleate diethanolamide(CDEA).Then,they were mixed in pairs according to their CMC to obtain six solutions.Finally,surface tension,contact angle and reverse osmosis of monomer and compound solution were tested respectively.The results show that compound solution of 0.05% H95 and 0.05% CDEA has the best wettability to coal.After adding compound surfactant,removal rates of total dust were 83.96%,76.17% and 72% respectively at coal cutting place,hydraulic support shifting place and belt conveyor transferring place after water injection,and that of respirable dust were 79.29%,73.95% and 70.3% separately.