从孙宝琦由仕而商看近代士人的现代化转型

The Intellectuals’Modern Transformation from SUN Baoqi’s Change from an Official to a Merchant

晚清时期,孙宝琦的经世路径遵循传统社会学而优则仕的原则,主要在仕途之上通过上层建筑赋予的政治权力围绕治术而铺设。民国时期,孙宝琦渐渐远离传统的仕途路径,努力尝试践行工商业去实现其经世抱负。孙宝琦经世路径的衍变折射出近代士人经世活动的复杂性及近代士商融合的新发展,从中可以看出近代士人的现代化转型深受中国传统官本位文化的影响、是在外力的作用下个人自觉选择的结果、具有典型的历史继承性。

In late Qing Dynasty,SUN Baoqi’s life road followed the traditional principle that a good scholar usually chose to be an official.His official career was around the governance art and set by the political power endowed by the superstructure.In the period of the Republic of China,SUN gradually went far from his official road and attempted to transfer to industry and commerce to realize his ambition.Such change reflected the new development of the complexity of the modern scholars’life experience and combination between them and commerce.From this,one can see that the transformation of the modern scholars was deeply influenced by official oriented culture.And it was the result of the personal conscious selection and has the typical historical inheritance.