爆炸载荷下铝粉与橡胶复合材料中的冲击波传播特性

Propagation Properties of Shock Wave in Aluminum Powder/rubber Composites under Explosion Loading

为研究爆炸载荷下冲击波在铝粉与橡胶复合材料中的传播规律,利用药柱加载的试验方法,采用锰铜压阻传感器测得铝粉体积含量为30%~60%的试样中6.50~14.25 GPa范围内的冲击波压力数据,结合材料的细观结构分析其对冲击波的衰减机理。通过试验与数值模拟相结合的方法获得冲击波在50%铝粉含量试样中的衰减规律。结果表明:在相同装药特性产生的爆炸载荷作用下,15 mm传播距离处的冲击波压力随铝粉含量的增加而先减小、后增大;铝粉含量为50%的含铝橡胶对冲击波的衰减能力最强,这与其表现出较强的黏性本构行为相关,数据拟合得到其冲击波压力衰减系数为0.0668.

The explosion loading test were carried out to investigate the propagation of explosion shock wave in aluminum powder/rubber composites containing 30-60 vol%Al.The shock wave pressures ranged from 6.50 to 14.25 GPa were measured using a manganin gauge,and the attenuation mechanism of shock wave was revealed by observing the mesostructure of the composites.The results show that the shock wave pressure at 15 mm propagation distance decreases first and then increases with the increase in the aluminum powder content under the same charge characteristics;the composites containing 50 vol%Al presents the strongest attenuation behavior to the shock wave,which is related to its viscous constitutive behavior,and the pressure attenuation coefficient of 0.0668 was obtained by fitting the test results.