三峡库区三个养殖鲟鱼物种微卫星多态性分析

Microsatellite variation of Huso huso,Huso dauricus,(Acipenser schrencki♂×Huso dauricus♀)

鲟鱼群体遗传多样性对孵化场管理和人工繁育过程中保护鲟鱼多样性及保持近交最小化至关重要。利用微卫星遗传标记研究了三峡库区人工养殖鲟鱼物种欧洲鳇(Huso huso)、达氏鲟(Huso dauricus)和杂交鲟(Acipenser schrencki♂×Huso dauricus♀)的遗传多态性。结果表明,3个人工养殖鲟鱼群体在5个微卫星位点均表现高度多态。在欧洲鳇、达氏鲟和杂交鲟3个群体中,5个微卫星位点分别共观察到42、38和29个等位基因。平均多态信息含量从低到高依次为杂交群体0.7099、欧洲鳇群体0.8056和达氏鲟群体0.8288;平均杂合度依次为杂交群体0.7563、欧洲鳇群体0.8280和达氏鲟群体0.8482.这些遗传指标说明三峡库区人工养殖的欧洲鳇、达氏鲟和杂交鲟具有高度遗传多态性。

Genetic diversity of sturgeon population is important for management in hatcheries to conserve diversity and to minimize inbreeding in artificial propagation.The present paper described the genetic characteristics of Huso huso,Huso dauricus,and hybrid(Acipenser schrencki♂×Huso dauricus♀)broodstocks in the Three Gorges Area of Yangtze River,China.The genetic analysis,based on five polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers,revealed high level of genetic diversity in the three broodstocks of sturgeon.In total,42,38,and 29 alleles were observed in all 5 microsatellite loci in the H.huso,H.dauricus,and hybrid broodstocks.The mean polymorphism information content(PIC)varied from 0.7099 for hybrid,0.8056 for H.huso,to 0.8288 for H.dauricus broodstock.The average expected heterozygosity(He)were 0.8280,0.8482,and 0.7563 for the H.huso,H.dauricus,and hybrid broodstocks.All the analyzed genetic indicators suggested the good conditions and high genetic values of the studied H.huso,H.dauricus,and hybrid(A.schrencki♂×H.dauricus♀)broodstocks.