《朱子语类》理学核心词语考探

Systematic Study on the Core Words of Neo-Confucianism in“Zhu Zi Yu Lei”

在朱熹哲学体系中,理是宇宙万物的本源和规律,人禀天地之气而生,理与气相互依存;人性即理在人身上的体现,性接物而动则为情;情发为欲,好的欲为理,不好的欲则背却天理。“理”“气”“性”“情”“欲”及其复音词构成《朱子语类》理学词语的聚合,体现了朱熹的理学思想,反映了“理”“气”“性”“情”“欲”词义和搭配古今传承发展的演变脉络。

Li(理)is a concept in neo-Confucian philosophy,and it refers to the origin and law of all things.Qi(气)is described as life force,and it permeates everything and is linked with Li(理).Nature is the embodiment of Li(理)in human body.If Nature contacts substances,it is going to be Emotion.After Emotion(情)is expressed,it becomes Desire(欲).Good Desire(欲)in line with Li(理)and bad Desire(欲)goes against Li(理).The words“Li”(理),“Qi”(气),“Nature”(性),“Emotion”(情),and“Desire”(欲)make up the aggregation of words of Neo-Confucianism in Zhu Zi Yu Lei.They not only embody Zhu Xi’s ideology of Neo-Confucianism,but also reflect the evolution of the meaning and collocation of“Li”(理),“Qi”(气),“Nature”(性),“Emotion”(情),and“Desire”(欲).