论人工智能缺陷产品生产者的刑事责任

On Producers Criminal Liability of Defective Products for Artificial Intelligence

在生产环节,人工智能缺陷产品生产者主要承担故意责任,即构成生产不符合安全标准的产品罪。但目前尚未形成人工智能产品安全标准体系,需要进行增补;同时,算法黑箱导致因果判断失灵,应结合刑法理论、先进技术与相关政策予以破解。在流通环节,人工智能缺陷产品生产者主要承担不作为责任,其作为义务的来源,不仅限于利用信息优势而取得的对事故发生因果进程的间接支配,还包括通过主服务器、信息网络实现的对流通领域中人工智能缺陷产品的直接掌控。另外,作为义务的内容增加了远程禁用与修复,作为可能性也得到相应的提升。在产品缺陷是由于当前技术条件下无法发现,或者是由于介入因素所导致,或者在生产者发出警示公告后,使用者不听劝阻、继续使用所导致的情况下,人工智能缺陷产品生产者的刑事责任得以阻却。

When it comes to the production process,the producers of artificial intelligence defective products mainly bear the intentional liability,which constitutes the crime of producing products that do not conform to safety standards,but at present,the artificial intelligence product safety standard system has not been formed,which needs to be updated;at the same time,the algorithm black box leads to the failure of causal judgment,which should be solved by combining the theory of criminal law,advanced technology and relevant policies.In the inaction responsibility of the circulation link,the source of producers act obligation is not limited to the indirect domination of the causal process of accident occurrence obtained by using the advantage of information,but also includes direct control of defective products in the field of convection through the master server and information network;in addition,as the content of obligations,remote bans and repairs have been added,and the possibility of act is also improved.In the case of product defects that cannot be found under current technical conditions,or are caused by intervention factors,or when the user does not listen to dissuasion and continues to use after a warning notice is issued by the producer,the criminal liability of producers of artificial intelligence defective products can be prevented.