不动产上抵押权与利用权的冲突与协调

The Conflict and Coordination of Mortgage Right and Utilization Right on Real Estate

不动产抵押权是非移转占有型的担保物权,所支配的是标的物的交换价值,与移转占有型的、支配标的物使用价值的不动产利用权能够并存。但不动产的交换价值与使用价值息息相关,利用权的存在可能会对抵押权的实行造成影响。不动产抵押权与利用权之间的优先次序依据公示先后确定,未公示的利用权劣后于抵押权。在利用权优先时,抵押权的设立无须经过利用权人的同意;抵押权实现后,利用权继续在标的物上存续。在抵押权优先时,若利用权的存在影响抵押权的实行,法院可依申请或职权除去利用权。

As a security right,the creation of mortgage needs not take possession of the real property for it dominates the exchange value,while the creation of utilization right needs the possession of the object to dominate the use value.However,the exchange value and use value of a property are related closely,and utilization right may have negative effect on the realization of mortgage.The priority of mortgage and utilization right shall be determined by the time of publication,utilization right without publication is inferior to mortgage.When utilization right has priority over the mortgage,the titleholder can create mortgage without the consent of the owner of utilization right,and utilization right continue to exist on the collateral after the realization of mortgage.When the mortgages have priority over utilization right,the court may remove utilization right under the petition or authority when utilization right hinders the realization of the mortgage.