产后出血介入治疗围术期护理进展

Nursing progress during perioperative period of interventional treatment of postpartum hemorrhage

产后出血是指产妇在胎儿分娩之后的24 h内出血量多于500 ml的现象,是分娩期严重的并发症,也是导致产妇发生死亡的主要原因。产后出血的治疗主要采用保守治疗和子宫动脉栓塞术治疗两种方式,保守治疗相对来说成功率较低,而且如果治疗无效,通常情况下采取手术方法如子宫动脉或髂内动脉结扎、全(次)子宫切除术,容易为患者带来较大创伤,且容易引发多种并发症;因此介入治疗受到人们越来越多的关注。介入治疗具有创伤小、止血迅速、术后恢复快等优点。随着介入治疗应用的不断深入,人们发现有效的围术期护理措施可以有效改善患者的治疗效果和预后。因此,近些年一些专家学者关于产后出血介入治疗围术期护理开展了大量的研究工作,并取得了一些新进展,本文将这些新进展综述如下。

Postpartum hemorrhage refers to the phenomenon that the amount of bleeding is more than 500 ml within 24 hours after delivery,which is one of the serious complications during delivery,it is also the main cause of maternal mortality. Postpartum hemorrhage is mainly treated by conservative treatment and uterine artery embolization. Conservative treatment has a relatively low success rate. If the treatment is ineffective,surgical methods such as uterine artery or internal iliac artery ligation and total(secondary)hysterectomy are usually adopted,which can cause more trauma to the patient and a variety of complications. Therefore,more and more attention has been paid to interventional therapy. Interventional therapy has the advantages of less trauma,rapid hemostasis and rapid postoperative recovery. With the continuous deepening of interventional therapy,people find that effective perioperative nursing measures can effectively improve the treatment effect and prognosis of patients. Therefore,in recent years,some experts and scholars have carried out a lot of research on the intervention of postpartum hemorrhage in perioperative care,and some new progresses are made,and these developments are reviewed in this paper.