家庭社会经济地位对青少年自我效能感的影响——父母参与的中介作用与独生状况的调节作用

The Influence of Family Socioeconomic Status on Adolescents’Self-efficacy--The Mediating Role of Parental Involvement and the Regulating Role of the Only Child Status

使用教育部直属A大学的新生基线调查数据,以1107名大一新生为被试,构建了一个有调节的中介模型,并重点考察学生高中阶段父母参与对青少年自我效能感的影响机制。结果发现:(1)学生家庭社会经济地位存在显著性别差异,女生家庭社会经济地位高于男生;独生子女在家庭社会经济地位、父母参与以及自我效能感等方面都明显优于非独生子女;(2)父母参与对青少年自我效能感具有显著正向预测作用;(3)在家庭社会经济地位对青少年自我效能感的影响中,父母参与起到了部分中介作用;(4)独生状况调节了家庭社会经济地位→父母参与→自我效能感的后半段,即相对于非独生子女而言,独生子女父母参与对自我效能感的促进作用更为明显。

This study is based on the baseline survey data of freshmen from A university,which is the elite university directly under the Ministry of Education.It used 1107 freshmen as subjects to construct a regulated intermediary model,focusing on the impact mechanism of students’high school parental involvement on adolescents’self-efficacy.The results show that:(1)There are significant gender differences in the socioeconomic status of students’families,and the socioeconomic status of girls’families is higher than that of boys;the only child is significantly better than non-only children in terms of family socioeconomic status,parental involvement,and self-efficacy;(2)Parental involvement has a significant positive predictive effect on adolescents’self-efficacy;(3)Parental involvement plays a part of the intermediary role in the impact of family socioeconomic status on adolescents’self-efficacy;(4)The one-child status regulates the family’s socioeconomic status→parental involvement→the second half of the sense of self-efficacy,that is,relative to non-only children,the only child’s parental involvement promotes self-efficacy.